Vuam yog cov txheej txheem siv dav hauv ntau yam kev lag luam, xws li kev tsim kho, kev tsim khoom, thiab kho tsheb kho tsheb. Thaum vuam yog qhov kev txawj ntse tseem ceeb, nws tseem muaj peev xwm muaj kev phom sij uas tuaj yeem ua rau raug mob hnyav yog tsis ua raws li kev muaj kev nyab xeeb. Tus pib no cov lus qhia lub hom phiaj muaj tswv yim rau kev ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov khoom siv kev tiv thaiv (PPE), kev ua haujlwm muaj kev nyab xeeb, thiab cov kev phom sij kom paub txog.
Vim li cas kev nyab xeeb tseem ceeb hauv vuam?
Kev nyab xeeb yog ntawm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv vuam rau ntau yam:
Kev tiv thaiv tus kheej:
Vuam koom rau ntau yam phom sij, suav nrog cua sov, txim taws, thiab cov pa ncho. Kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb, xws li hnav cov khoom tiv thaiv tus kheej tsim nyog (PPE), xyuas kom meej tias cov kab mob welders tau tiv thaiv los ntawm kev kub ntxhov, qhov kev phom sij, ua pa rau lwm yam.
Kev tiv thaiv cov xwm txheej:
Vuam kev ua haujlwm feem ntau koom nrog kev ua haujlwm nrog qhib cov nplaim taws, kev kub siab, thiab hluav taws xob. Tsis saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb tuaj yeem ua rau muaj xwm txheej, xws li cov hluav taws, tawg, hluav taws xob, thiab poob. Ua raws cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb minimizes qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov xwm txheej thiab tsim kev ua haujlwm muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyob zoo:
Vuam ua cov pa luam yeeb thiab roj av uas tuaj yeem ua kom lom yog nqus tau. Ntev ntev rau cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem ua pa, lub ntsws mob, thiab lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv. Los ntawm kev siv kev tiv thaiv kev ua cua kom zoo thiab siv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev noj qab haus huv.
Ua raws li cov cai:
Tsoom Fwv thiab kev tswj hwm lub cev tau tsim kev tswj hwm kev nyab xeeb thiab cov qauv rau kev ua haujlwm vuam. Ua raws li cov cai no tsis yog yuav tsum raug cai tas li tab sis tseem ua kom lub chaw ua haujlwm ua tau raws li cov qauv kev nyab xeeb. Ua raws li kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb pab tiv thaiv kev sib raug, tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm, thiab zam rau kev nplua lossis kev raug nplua lossis kev raug cai.
Kev tsim khoom thiab efficiency:
Kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb, xws li kev cob qhia kom raug thiab siv cov khoom tsim nyog, ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo dua thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ua haujlwm. Thaum cov neeg ua haujlwm muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ntseeg siab rau lawv ib puag ncig, lawv tuaj yeem tsom xyuas lawv cov haujlwm yam tsis muaj kev phom sij uas tsis muaj kev phom sij. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev tsim khoom ntxiv thiab ua haujlwm siab dua.
Lub koob npe nrov thiab ntseeg:
Cov tuam txhab uas ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb hauv lawv cov kev ua haujlwm vuam ua qauv qhia lawv cov kev cog lus rau kev noj qab nyob zoo ntawm lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm. Qhov kev cog lus no tsim kev ntseeg siab rau cov neeg ua haujlwm, cov neeg siv khoom, thiab cov pej xeem. Cov ntaub ntawv kev nyab xeeb thiab lub koob npe nrov rau kev nyab xeeb tuaj yeem nyiam cov neeg ua haujlwm txawj ntse thiab txhim kho lub tuam txhab cov duab hauv kev lag luam.
Cov nqi txuag tau nyiaj:
Kev nqis peev hauv kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb yuav xav tau cov nqi txhawb nqa, tab sis thaum nws ua rau raug nqi txuag tau ntev. Kev tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo thiab kev raug mob txo cov nuj nqis kho mob, cov neeg ua haujlwm cov nyiaj raug them, thiab kev lav phib xaub kev raug cai. Ib qho ntxiv, ib qho kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb ua haujlwm minimizes kev puas tsuaj, downtime, thiab siv tus nqi.
Hauv kev pom, kev nyab xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv vuam los tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm, tswj hwm kev noj qab haus huv, kev coj noj qab haus huv, txhim kho lub koob npe zoo, thiab tsim lub koob npe zoo. Ua ntej kev nyab xeeb tsis tsuas yog tiv thaiv cov kev nyob zoo ntawm cov tsiaj txhu tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab ua tiav.
Dab tsi yog qhov muaj kev phom sij hauv vuam?
Muaj ntau cov phom sij tseem ceeb cuam tshuam nrog vuam uas welders yuav tsum tau paub txog thiab siv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv. Cov kev phom sij no suav nrog:
Arc Flash:
Arc Flash yog ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb hauv vuam vuam. Nws yog hais txog kev tso tawm ntawm cua sov thiab lub teeb uas tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm vuam, tshwj xeeb thaum cov hlau vuam arc vuam (smaw) lossis roj av arc vuam (GMAW). Nws tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij hnyav rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag yog tias tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv kom tsim nyog. Welders yuav tsum tau hnav lub tshuab ntaus ob lub kaus mom hlau nrog lub lim tsheb uas tsim nyog rau kev tiv thaiv Arc Flash.
Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm arc nyem hauv vuam yog:
Raug rau UV thiab ir hluav taws xob:
Vuam arcs emit intraviolet (UV) thiab infrared (ir) hluav taws xob. UV radiation can cause skin burns similar to sunburn, while IR radiation can generate heat that can cause burns. Ntev tau raug rau cov ntxaij hluav taws xob no yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv kom tsim nyog tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj thiab ntev.
Lub teeb heev thiab kub:
Qhov ci ntsa iab ntawm vuam arc tuaj yeem dig muag thiab ua rau muaj qhov muag tsis pom kev yog tias lub qhov muag tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv. Lub zog nqus kub kub tsim los ntawm arc kuj tseem ua rau muaj tawv nqaij, txawm nyob ntawm qhov deb ntawm kev ua haujlwm vuam.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv Arc Flash Flash Cov xwm txheej, Welders yuav tsum khaws cov kev ceev faj hauv qab no:
Hnav kev tiv thaiv qhov muag tsim nyog:
Lub kaus mom hlau ntoo nrog cov teeb pom kev zoo ntxoov ntxoo lens yog qhov tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv lub qhov muag los ntawm lub teeb nrig thiab hluav taws xob embia thaum lub sij hawm vuam. Cov qib ntxoov ntxoo ntawm lub lens yuav tsum tau xaiv raws li cov txheej txheem vuam thiab siv cov kev siv hluav taws xob.
Siv cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv:
Welders yuav tsum hnav cov khaub ncaws nplaim-resistant, xws li ib lub tsho tua neeg lossis cov tawv nqaij los tiv thaiv lawv cov tawv nqaij los ntawm cov hlau, thiab cua sov tsim thaum lub sij hawm vuam. Cov tes tsho ntev ntev, ris, thiab cov khau kaw-ntiv tes kuj yuav tsum hnav.
Ua raws li qhov chaw tso cua:
Qhov cua txaus yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau tshem tawm vuam fumes thiab roj av los ntawm thaj chaw ua haujlwm. Kev dim pa tau kom ua kom tau cov tshuaj lom thiab txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem ua pa.
Ua raws li cov kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb:
Welders yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias qhov chaw ua haujlwm yog qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom siv ua haujlwm thiab kev ntsuas hluav taws, xws li tua hluav taws, tau yooj yim muaj. Ua raws li kev siv vuam thiab kev nyab xeeb kom muaj kev nyab xeeb los ntawm ARC kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm Arc Flash.
Tau txais kev cob qhia zoo:
Welders yuav tsum yauv kawm ntawm ARC Flash Flash cov xwm txheej, cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb, thiab kev siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tus kheej. Lawv yuav tsum paub txog cov qauv kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev thaum muaj keeb kwm arc.
Los ntawm kev nkag siab txog cov kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog kev ntsuas arc thiab siv cov kab mob Welders tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej thiab txo qis kev kub ntxhov thiab kev raug mob.
Fumes thiab gases:
Vuam ua rau muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg lom zem thiab roj av, xws li ozone, nitrogen oxides, thiab cov mumes hlau. Ntev ntev txog cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem ua pa, lub ntsws, thiab lwm yam kev noj qab haus huv. Welders yuav tsum ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb rau hauv thaj chaw ua haujlwm kom tshem tawm cov kuab paug no thiab siv cov pa ua pa lossis lub ntsej muag, raws li pom zoo. Qhov phom sij tseem ceeb cuam tshuam nrog vuam fumes thiab gases suav nrog:
Teeb meem ua pa:
Kev nqus tau cov pa vuam thiab roj av tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam ua pa, xws li ua npaws, mob ntsws, thiab mob ntsws asthma, thiab lwm yam mob ntsws. Ntev mus rau cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv mus ntev.
Hlau fumer:
Hlau fumer yog tus mob khaub thuas xws li mob los ntawm nqus tau cov pa roj hlau hlau, tshwj xeeb yog zinc oxide fumes. Cov tsos mob muaj xws li ua npaws, ua daus no, mob taub hau, xeev siab, thiab mob ib ce. Txawm hais tias feem ntau yog ib ntus xwb thiaj li yuav ua rau mob ntev.
Cov roj toxic:
Vuam cov txheej txheem tsim cov roj toxic, xws li ozone, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, thiab ntau hlau oxides. Kev nqus tau cov pa roj no tuaj yeem ua rau ua pa tawm, kiv taub hau, xeev siab, ua tsis taus pa lossis muaj mob lossis lom.
Cov tshuaj carcinogenic:
Qee qhov chaw ua npuas muaj cov tshuaj carcinogenic, xws li hexavalent chromium, npib tsib xee, thiab cadmium. Ntev ntev txog cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim lub ntsws, caj pas, lossis lwm hom mob cancer.
Txhawm rau txo cov phom sij uas cuam tshuam nrog vuam fumes thiab roj av, welders yuav tsum tau txais kev ceev faj hauv qab no:
Ua kom ntseeg tau tias muaj qhov cua:
Qhov cua txaus yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau tshem tawm vuam fumes thiab roj av los ntawm thaj chaw ua haujlwm. Hauv zos tso cua tshuab, xws li fume extractors lossis cov ntoo khaub ncaws, yuav tsum tau siv los ntes thiab tshem cov pa taws ntawm qhov chaw. Kev dim dav dav dav, xws li kiv cua lossis qhib qhov rooj / qhov rais, tuaj yeem pab txhim kho kev ncig huab cua.
Siv kev tiv thaiv kev ua pa:
Thaum lub qhov cua yog qhov tsis txaus lossis thaum ua haujlwm hauv kev tiv thaiv kev ua pa, xws li cov pa ua pa kom haum lossis lim tawm ntawm cov pa roj teeb uas tsis tsim nyog thiab roj av. Kev xaiv ntawm tus ua pa yuav tsum yog nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam thiab hom paug tsis tau.
Xaiv cov txheej txheem qis thiab cov khoom siv:
Qee qhov vuam cov txheej txheem tsim cov pa roj hmab tsawg dua thiab roj ntxiv rau lwm tus. Piv txwv li, roj hlau arc vuam (GMAW) nrog cov xaim xaim feem ntau tsim cov pa roj ntsha tsawg dua li flux-cored (FCAW). Siv cov khoom siv tsawg thiab cov ntaub ntawv tseem tuaj yeem pab txo cov khoom siv lom neeg lom.
Khaws thaj chaw ua haujlwm huv si:
Nquag ntxuav thaj chaw ua haujlwm kom tshem tawm cov hmoov av accomulated, khib nyiab, thiab fumes. Cov khib nyiab kom zoo, xws li khoob xaim xaim lossis cov hluav taws xob, kuj tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tiv thaiv kev phom sij.
Tau txais kev cob qhia zoo:
Welders yuav tsum tau txais kev cob qhia ntawm cov phom sij cuam tshuam nrog vuam fumes thiab gases, nrog rau kev siv cua tshuab thiab ua pa kev tiv thaiv ua pa. Nkag siab txog cov kev pheej hmoo thiab siv kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb uas haum rau kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam cov kev phom sij no.
Los ntawm kev ua cov kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb thiab paub txog cov phom sij cuam tshuam nrog vuam fumes thiab gases tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lawv cov teeb meem kev pheej hmoo ncua ntev.
Hluav Taws Xob:
Faisfe poob siab yog lwm yam kev phom sij nyob rau hauv vuam. Vuam koom nrog cov hluav taws xob siab uas tuaj yeem ua rau hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog tias tsis muaj kev ceev faj. Welders yuav tsum zam kom tsis txhob kov cov hluav taws xob nyob thiab xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom siv vuam tau zoo. Soj ntsuam cov xaim rau kev puas tsuaj thiab zam kev sib chwv nrog cov chaw ntub dej lossis dej yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tiv thaiv hluav taws xob. Lub ntsiab phom sij cuam tshuam nrog hluav taws xob tso hluav taws xob hauv vuam sib tw suav nrog:
Hlawv:
Hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev kub nyhiab rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov plab hnyuv siab raum. Cov cua sov tsim los ntawm cov hluav taws xob tam sim no tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg puas tsuaj thiab yuav xav tau kev kho mob.
Kev Raug Kaw Mob Ntshav:
Fais fab hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev raug ntes, uas yog kev kho mob xwm txheej kub ntxhov uas yuav tsum tau mloog tam sim ntawd. Tus hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tam sim no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lub plawv dhia ib txwm muaj, ua kom muaj kev ntes plawv.
Leeg puas:
Hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau puas tsuaj, uas tuaj yeem ua rau loog, tingling, lossis poob ntawm kev hnov ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam. Thaum muaj mob hnyav, nws tuaj yeem ua rau tuag tes tuag taw lossis tsis muaj cov leeg leeg.
Txhawm rau txo cov phom sij cuam tshuam nrog hluav taws xob, welders yuav tsum tau txais kev ceev faj hauv qab no:
Siv cov av kom zoo:
Txhua cov khoom siv vuam yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo los tiv thaiv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Lub tshuab welding, workpiece, thiab vuam cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum txuas nrog ib lub av cable los xyuas kom meej tias txhua yam uas tsis zoo qhia rau hauv av.
Tshawb cov khoom siv tsis tu ncua:
Cov khoom siv vuam yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas cov khoom siv rau cov paib ntawm kev hnav thiab kua muag, xws li frayed cables lossis rwb thaiv tsev. Cov khoom siv puas yuav tsum tau kho lossis hloov tam sim kom tiv thaiv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob.
Siv cov cuab yeej muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo:
Welders yuav tsum hnav cov khoom tiv thaiv tus kheej, xws li hnab looj tes roj hmab thiab khau looj plab hlaub, kom insulate lawv tus kheej los ntawm hluav taws xob. Cov hnab looj tes thiab khau looj plab hlaub yuav tsum kuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua rau tej yam ntawm kev puas tsuaj.
Zam kev mob ntub dej:
Vuam yuav tsum tsis txhob ua nyob rau hauv cov chaw ntub dej los yog ntawm cov chaw ntub dej. Ntub dej yuav ua kom muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws xob, zoo li dej yog ib tus neeg saib xyuas zoo ntawm hluav taws xob.
Tau txais kev cob qhia zoo:
Welders yuav tsum tau txais kev cob qhia txog kev phom sij cuam tshuam nrog hluav taws xob thiab siv cov khoom siv vuam. Nkag siab txog cov kev pheej hmoo thiab siv kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb uas haum rau kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam cov kev phom sij no.
Los ntawm kev ua cov kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb thiab paub txog cov phom sij cuam tshuam nrog hluav taws xob hauv vuam, peb tus kheej tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej thiab ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb.
Hluav taws thiab tawg:
Hluav taws thiab tawg yog qhov muaj teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv vuam. Sparks thiab kub hlau tsim tawm thaum vuam yuav taws cov khoom siv, ua rau hluav taws lossis tawg. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev kom tshem tawm thaj chaw ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv hluav taws thiab hluav taws kub tiv thaiv. Muaj hluav taws saib hluav taws thaum thiab tom qab vuam kuj tseem pom zoo. Lub ntsiab phom sij cuam tshuam nrog hluav taws thiab tawg hauv vuam vuam suav nrog:
Kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob:
Vuam sparks thiab cua sov tuaj yeem nres cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, xws li cov kuab tshuaj, roj, thiab roj av. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau hluav taws lossis tawg, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov cuab yeej thiab kev raug mob rau cov neeg ua haujlwm.
Combustible plua plav:
Vuam grant generates plua plav thiab khib nyiab, uas tuaj yeem ua cov combustible thaum sib xyaw nrog cua. Yog tias ignited, commillible plua plav tuaj yeem ua rau hluav taws lossis tawg, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij hauv kev kaw.
Cov pa oxygen inrichicment:
Vuam cov txheej txheem uas siv cov pa oxygen tuaj yeem ua rau cov pa oxygen rau saum huab cua, uas tuaj yeem tsim kev phom sij hauv hluav taws. Cov pa oxygen ua rau muaj peev xwm ua rau cov khoom siv los hlawv cov khoom yooj yim dua thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj hluav taws sai.
Txhawm rau txo cov phom sij uas cuam tshuam nrog hluav taws thiab tawg hauv vuam vuam, welders yuav tsum tau txais kev ceev faj hauv qab no:
Khaws thaj chaw ua haujlwm huv si:
Nquag ntxuav thaj chaw ua haujlwm kom tshem cov hmoov av ntau, cov khib nyiab, thiab cov khoom siv roj. Cov khib nyiab kom zoo, xws li khoob xaim xaim lossis cov electrodes, kuj tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tiv thaiv cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov khoom sib txuas.
Siv qhov hluav taws xob kom zoo:
Qhov cua txaus yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau tshem tawm vuam fumes thiab roj av los ntawm thaj chaw ua haujlwm thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom ua haujlwm ntawm plua plav. Hauv zos tso cua tshuab, xws li fume extractors lossis cov ntoo khaub ncaws, yuav tsum tau siv los ntes thiab tshem cov pa taws ntawm qhov chaw. Kev dim dav dav dav, xws li kiv cua lossis qhib qhov rooj / qhov rais, tuaj yeem pab txhim kho kev ncig huab cua.
Siv cov cuab yeej muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo:
Welders yuav tsum hnav cov khoom tiv thaiv tus kheej tsim nyog, xws li cov khaub ncaws tua hluav taws, hnab looj tes, los tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej los ntawm kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws thiab tawg.
Zam tsis txhob veluam ze cov khoom siv ze:
Vuam yuav tsum tsis txhob ua yeeb yam nyob ze cov ntaub ntawv, xws li cov kuab tshuaj, roj, thiab roj av. Yog tias vuam cov khoom siv ze yog qhov tsim nyog, cov khoom siv hluav taws kub tsim nyog, xws li tua hluav taws, yuav tsum tau npaj tua hluav taws.
Tau txais kev cob qhia zoo:
Welders yuav tsum tau txais kev cob qhia txog kev phom sij cuam tshuam nrog hluav taws thiab tawg hauv vuam thiab siv cov khoom siv hluav taws kom yog. Nkag siab txog cov kev pheej hmoo thiab siv kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb uas haum rau kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam cov kev phom sij no.
Los ntawm kev ua cov kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb no thiab paub txog cov phom sij cuam tshuam nrog hluav taws thiab cov welders tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej thiab ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb.
Qhov muag thiab daim tawv nqaij raug mob:
Qhov muag thiab daim tawv raug mob yog cov kev phom sij hauv vuam. Vuam ntau dua lub teeb, kub, thiab hluav taws xob, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau lub qhov muag thiab daim tawv nqaij yog tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv. Lub ntsiab phom sij cuam tshuam nrog lub qhov muag thiab daim tawv nqaij raug mob hauv vuam xws li:
Arc Flash:
Daim ARC Flash yog kev tso tawm thaum tshav kub kub thiab lub teeb uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm vuam. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob siab rau lub qhov muag thiab tawv nqaij thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub qhov muag.
Vuam fumes:
Vuam fumes muaj cov tshuaj lom, xws li cov hlau oxides thiab roj av, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem kev ua pa thiab tawv nqaij khaus. Kev siv lub ntev ua rau muaj kev sib tw ua haujlwm yuav ua rau muaj mob mob ntev, xws li mob ntsws thiab mob khaub thuas hlau.
Ultraviolet (UV) hluav taws xob:
Vuam cov khoom tsim kho UV hluav taws xob, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau lub qhov muag thiab tawv nqaij. Lub sijhawm ntev raug rau UV hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib cav, tawv nqaij rau cov tawv nqaij, thiab lwm yam tawv nqaij.
Txhawm rau txo cov phom sij cuam tshuam nrog lub qhov muag thiab daim tawv nqaij hauv vuam, welders yuav tsum tau txais kev ceev faj hauv qab no:
Siv cov cuab yeej muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo:
Welders yuav tsum hnav cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej, xws li cov tsom iav kev nyab xeeb, txhawm rau tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej ntawm cov phom sij ntawm vuam.
Siv qhov hluav taws xob kom zoo:
Qhov cua txaus yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau tshem tawm vuam fumes thiab roj av los ntawm thaj chaw ua haujlwm thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg lom zem. Hauv zos tso cua tshuab, xws li fume extractors lossis cov ntoo khaub ncaws, yuav tsum tau siv los ntes thiab tshem cov pa taws ntawm qhov chaw.
Siv cov txheej txheem vuam zoo:
Cov kev siv vuam zoo, xws li kev tswj kom muaj kev nyab xeeb los ntawm ARC thiab tsis txhob nrhiav ncaj qha ntawm ARC, tuaj yeem pab txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub qhov muag thiab kev raug mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Tau txais kev cob qhia zoo:
Welders yuav tsum tau txais kev cob qhia ntawm cov phom sij cuam tshuam nrog lub qhov muag thiab daim tawv nqaij hauv vuam thiab siv cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv zoo. Nkag siab txog cov kev pheej hmoo thiab siv kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb uas haum rau kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam cov kev phom sij no.
Los ntawm kev ua cov kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb thiab paub txog cov phom sij cuam tshuam nrog kev phom sij ntawm lub qhov muag thiab kev pheej hmoo tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej thiab ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb.
Suab nrov:
Suab nrov yog qhov phom sij tseem ceeb hauv vuam. Vuam generand tsim kom muaj cov suab siab, uas tuaj yeem ua rau hnov tau kev puas tsuaj yog tias tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv txaus. Lub ntsiab phom sij cuam tshuam nrog lub suab nrov hauv vuam xws li:
Hnov tsis taus:
Kev ua rau muaj lub suab nrov uas tuaj yeem ua kom hnov tau li cas, xws li kev hnov lus tsis hnov lus lossis tinnitus. Ntev ntev raug cov suab nrov raws li cov suab nrov saum 85 decibels (DB) tuaj yeem ua kom hnov lus puas.
Kev sib txuas lus nyuaj:
High levels of noise can make it difficult for workers to communicate effectively, which can lead to miscommunication and increased safety risks.
Txhawm rau txo cov phom sij uas cuam tshuam nrog cov suab nrov hauv vuam, Welders yuav tsum tau txais kev ceev faj hauv qab no:
Siv kev tiv thaiv kom haum:
Welders yuav tsum hnav cov kev tiv thaiv kev sib hais, xws li cov pob ntseg lossis pob ntseg, los tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej los ntawm kev phom sij ntawm cov suab nrov. Kev tiv thaiv kev sib hais yuav tsum tau xaiv raws li cov suab nrov thiab lub sijhawm sib kis.
Siv qhov hluav taws xob kom zoo:
Qhov cua txaus yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau tshem tawm vuam fumes thiab roj av los ntawm thaj chaw ua haujlwm thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg lom zem. Hauv zos tso cua tshuab, xws li fume extractors lossis cov ntoo khaub ncaws, yuav tsum tau siv los ntes thiab tshem cov pa taws ntawm qhov chaw. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab txo cov suab nrov hauv thaj chaw ua haujlwm.
Siv cov txheej txheem vuam zoo:
Qhov kev siv vuam zoo, xws li siv vuam kab hlau lossis cov ntxaij vab tshaus kom muaj lub suab nrov, tuaj yeem pab txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm suab nrov.
Tau txais kev cob qhia zoo:
Welders yuav tsum tau txais kev cob qhia ntawm cov phom sij cuam tshuam nrog cov suab nrov hauv vuam thiab siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kom sib hais. Nkag siab txog cov kev pheej hmoo thiab siv kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb uas haum rau kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam cov kev phom sij no.
Los ntawm kev ua cov kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb no thiab paub txog cov phom sij cuam tshuam nrog cov suab nrov hauv vuam, lawv tus kheej tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej thiab ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb.
Ergonomic cov xwm txheej:
Ergonomic kev phom sij tuaj saib txog cov kev pheej hmoo uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov leeg nqaij cov leeg (MSDS) thiab lwm yam kev raug mob ntawm lub cev hauv vuam. Vuam feem ntau koom nrog kev ua haujlwm txawv txawv, rov ua dua cov lus tsa suab, thiab kev nqa khoom hnyav. Cov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem ua rau raug mob musculoskeletal raug mob, xws li kev sib zog, cov pob txha, thiab teeb meem rov qab. Lub ntsiab phom sij cuam tshuam nrog ergonomic teeb meem hauv vuam xws li:
Cov ntawv nthuav tawm txawv txawv:
Vuam feem ntau yuav tsum tau cov neeg ua haujlwm kom tswj cov ntawv pom kev txawv txawv rau ncua sijhawm, xws li khoov, ncav cuag, lossis sib ntswg. Cov haujlwm no tuaj yeem sib zog ua cov leeg thiab cov pob qij txha, ua rau tsis xis nyob thiab raug mob.
Rov ua dua cov lus tsa suab:
Vuam cov haujlwm feem ntau koom nrog kev rov ua dua kev ua kom rov qab ua dua, xws li vuam hlaws lossis sib tsoo. Rov qab tsa suab yuav ua rau muaj kev raug mob ntau dua, xws li kev raug mob rau cov caj dab los yog carral qhov syndrome.
Hnyav Lifting:
Cov khoom siv vuam thiab cov khoom siv tuaj yeem hnyav, xav tau cov neeg ua haujlwm kom ua tiav cov haujlwm ntev, nqa khoom, lossis thawb / rub cov haujlwm. Cov ntaub ntawv tsis raug rho tawm cov kev txawj lossis ntau dhau yuav ua rau raug mob nraub qaum thiab ua rau raug mob tom qab.
Kev co raug:
Vuam cov cuab yeej, xws li Grinders los yog chipping rauj, tuaj yeem ua rau vibrations uas tuaj yeem kis tau rau tes thiab caj npab. Ntev tau raug kev co mus rau kev co tau tuaj yeem ua rau txhais tes kev co syndrome (havs) thiab lwm yam cuam tshuam.
Txhawm rau txo cov phom sij cuam tshuam nrog ergonomic teeb meem hauv vuam, welders yuav tsum tau txais kev ceev faj hauv qab no:
Tswj kom raug lub cev mechanics:
Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau kawm txog kev nqa cov txheej txheem tsim nyog thiab lub cev kom tsis txhob muaj cov leeg tsis tsim nyog ntawm cov leeg thiab pob qij txha. Qhov no suav nrog kev siv ob txhais ceg kom nqa, ua kom sab nraub qaum ncaj, thiab zam kev sib ntswg.
Siv cov khoom siv ergoric:
Welders yuav tsum siv ergonomic khoom siv, xws li cov chaw ua haujlwm kho tau, kom txo qis ntawm lub cev thiab txhawb nqa kom zoo.
Siv sijhawm so:
Nquag so thaum lub sij hawm vuam siv tuaj yeem pab txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug mob. Ncab cov kev tawm dag zog lossis hloov cov haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm so kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab txo cov leeg nqaij nqaij nkees thiab txhawb cov ntshav ncig.
Siv cov khoom siv pabcuam:
Welders yuav tsum tau siv cov cuab yeej pab, xws li rho tawm cov cuab yeej lossis ergonomic cov cuab yeej nrog kev nqa khoom hnyav lossis rov ua dua.
Tsim cov chaw ntshuam ergonomically:
Lub vuam workstation yuav tsum tau tsim los txhawb kev tshaj lij thiab txo qis quav. Qhov no suav nrog kho qhov kom siab ntawm cov chaw ua haujlwm, muab cov tsiaj nkees ua kom pom kev zoo txaus.
Los ntawm kev ua cov kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb thiab paub txog kev phom sij ntawm kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov neeg siv tshuaj tua kab mob thiab lwm tus raug mob lub cev, ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab noj qab haus huv chaw ua haujlwm.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv kev nyab xeeb
VUAM VUAM yog ib qho kev ua kom muaj kev phom sij uas xav tau siv cov khoom siv kev nyab xeeb kom tiv thaiv cov vag thiab lwm tus hauv thaj chaw. Cov hauv qab no yog qhov tseem ceeb welding cov cuab yeej siv:
Welding Helding:
Lub kaus mom hlau yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv kev nyab xeeb rau cov ntaub ntawv. Nws tiv thaiv tus tswv cuab lub ntsej muag, ob lub qhov muag, thiab caj dab los ntawm lub teeb nrig nti, cua sov, thiab hluav taws xob tsim tawm rau cov vuam. Cov kaus mom hlau yuav tsum tau nruab nrog lub lens ntxoov ntxoo kom tsim nyog rau cov kab hlau vuam raug ua.
Vuam hnab looj tes:
Cov hnab looj tes wroves tiv thaiv tus tswv tes txhais tes los ntawm tshav kub, txim taws, thiab molten hlau tsim tawm hauv vuam vuam. Lawv yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws-resistant thiab muab cov dexterity txaus rau kev siv vuam.
Vuam tsho:
Ib lub tsho vuam muab kev tiv thaiv rau lub cev sab sauv los ntawm cov txim taws, cua sov, thiab hluav taws xob tsim tawm rau cov vuam vuam. Nws yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws-resistant cov ntaub ntawv thiab npog caj npab, taso, thiab caj dab.
Vuam khau khiab:
Vuam khau pov hwm tiv thaiv tus tswv cuab rau ko taw los ntawm cov txim taws, cua sov, thiab cov khoom poob. Lawv yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm kev ruaj khov, nplaim hluav taws xob-resistant cov ntaub ntawv thiab muab cov kev nquag ua kom tiv thaiv ib daim tawv thiab ntog.
Lub cev ua pa:
Vuam ua cov pa luam yeeb thiab roj av uas tuaj yeem tsim kev puas tsuaj yog nqus tau. Tus neeg ua pa yuav tsum tau hnav los tiv thaiv cov kws tua kev ua pa ntawm cov tshuaj phem no. Hom kev ua pa uas yuav tsum muaj yuav tsum muaj nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam thiab hom fumes tsim tawm.
Tsom iav kev nyab xeeb:
Kev ruaj ntseg tsom iav tiv thaiv tus tswv cuab lub qhov muag los ntawm ya cov khib nyiab thiab cov txim taws. Lawv yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm kev cuam tshuam-resistant cov khoom siv thiab muab kev tiv thaiv sab.
Pob ntseg lossis pob ntseg pob ntseg:
Vuam ua rau muaj cov suab siab uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsej muag puas tsuaj. Erdplugs lossis pob ntseg yuav tsum hnav los tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob sib foob.
Lub taub dej tua hluav taws:
Lub tshuab tua hluav taws yuav tsum tau yooj yim muaj nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm hluav taws. Hom hluav taws kub uas yuav tsum yog nyob ntawm hom hluav taws uas yuav tshwm sim.
Los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv kev nyab xeeb tsim nyog, Welders tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej thiab lwm tus hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov phom sij cuam tshuam nrog vuam. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum siv tag nrho cov khoom siv uas hais txog saum toj no los xyuas kom muaj kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb.
Ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb chaw ua haujlwm
Txhawm rau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thaum lub sij hawm vuam, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom cov cuab yeej siv hauv qab no:
Lub taub dej tua hluav taws:
Muaj lub tshuab tua hluav taws nyob ze yog tias muaj xwm txheej kub ceev. Xyuas kom meej tias tus tua hluav taws yog haum rau cov khoom siv tua hluav taws uas cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom siv chlia (xws li hluav taws kub (hluav taws xob d-hluav taws xob).
Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Thawj:
Khaws ib qho khoom siv uas muaj txiaj ntsig ua ntej pab kom daws cov kev raug mob me uas yuav tshwm sim thaum vuam. Cov khoom siv yuav tsum muaj cov khoom xws li cov ntaub qhwv, cov tshuaj antiseptic, hlawv gel, hnab looj tes, thiab txiab.
Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb:
Sib nrug los ntawm kev hnav lub kaus mom hlau, cov gargles kev nyab xeeb tuaj yeem muab kev tiv thaiv ntxiv los ntawm ya cov khib nyiab lossis cov ntsej muag uas yuav hla lub kaus mom hlau. Khaws ob khub ntawm kev nyab xeeb gggles ke hnav thaum xav tau.
Vuam pam vov los yog kab hlau rhuav:
Vuam cov pam vov los yog cov ntaub qhwv tau siv los thaiv cov khoom nyob ze cov nplaim hluav taws los ntawm cov txim taws thiab txhais tau. Khaws cov ntaub ntawv no nyob ze los tiv thaiv cov cheeb tsam ib puag ncig thiab tiv thaiv cov hluav taws.
Vuam Screens:
Vuam cov ntxaij vab tshaus siv los tsim kev thaiv ntawm qhov chaw vuam thiab lwm tus neeg ua haujlwm lossis lwm tus neeg ua haujlwm lossis passersby. Lawv tiv thaiv lwm tus los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm vuam teeb, hluav taws xob, thiab sparks. Khaws ib lub vuam vuam npo nyob ze los teeb tsa thaj chaw muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Vuam plav hlau lossis clamps:
Vuam plav lossis clamps yog cov cuab yeej siv tau yooj yim rau kev tuav cov hlau kub, tshem cov nplais, lossis tuav workpieces ruaj ntseg. Khaws cov cuab yeej no nyob ze kom tsis txhob siv txhais tes lossis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kub ntxhov.
Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej (PPE):
Ntxiv nrog rau cov welding kaus mom, hnab looj tes, thiab tsho, nco ntsoov muaj cov ppe muaj. Qhov no suav nrog cov hnab looj tes sib xws, tsom iav kev nyab xeeb, pob ntseg pob ntseg lossis pob ntseg pob ntseg, thiab lwm tus puring txheej txheem ua.
Qhov chaw tso cua kom zoo:
Qhov cua txaus yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau tshem tawm vuam fumes thiab roj av los ntawm thaj chaw ua haujlwm. Ua kom muaj qhov cua tshuab, xws li tso tawm cov kiv cua lossis cov extractors, yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo.
Los ntawm kev khaws cov khoom siv kev nyab xeeb no, cov kab muag tuaj yeem nkag tau thaum xav tau kev pheej hmoo ua haujlwm thiab kev raug mob thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.
Xaus:
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov wirders kom paub txog cov kev phom sij no thiab siv cov kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb uas tsim nyog, ua raws li kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog vuam.
Lub Sijhawm Post: Nov-03-2023